JAMES PARKİNSON

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29 Feb 2024

James Parkinson was born on April 11, 1755 in Hoxton Square, near London. He was raised by his father, who was both an apothecary and a surgeon. James Parkinson obtained a surgeon's license in 1784. He did not obtain a license to practice medicine (=physician), which was then known as a separate profession from surgery. He worked at Hoxton all his life, also practicing pharmacy, chemistry and paleontology and writing books on these subjects.

He believed that low-income citizens should be taken care of and supported and criticized the government for not taking adequate measures in this regard. He participated in many social and revolutionary movements and advocated the French Revolution as a source of inspiration. In the years following the French Revolution, he published about twenty political pamphlets and called for radical social reforms.

He advocated representation of the people in the House of Commonsand universal suffrage in elections. He was a member of many secret political associations. In 1794, he was questioned about his alleged role in an organization allegedly formed to assassinate King Jorj III. He himself was not imprisoned, but many of his friends were imprisoned for long periods on these trumped-up charges before being acquitted.

His 1817 pamphlet "An Essay on the Shaking Palsy" described a disease of the nervous system now known as "Parkinson's disease".

Parkinson's disease, which he described as "involuntary tremors with diminished muscular strength, even when the patient is motionless or supported; a tendency to lean the trunk forward and to change from walking to running; no disturbance of the senses or intellect", is a nervous system disorder that usually occurs at the age of 50-60.

James Parkinson married Mary Dale on May 21, 1783 and had 8 children.
James Parkinson died on December 21, 1824 in London at the age of 69.

Works

An Address, to the Hon. Edmund Burke from the Swinish Multitude London, 1793.
Medical admonitions addressed to families, respecting the practice of domestic medicine, and the preservation of health London, 1799. Fifth Edition, 1812
Hints for the improvement of trusses; intended to render their use less inconvenient, and to prevent the necessity of an understrap. With the description of a truss of easy construction and slight expence [sic], for the use of labouring poor. London: Symonds. 1802.
The Town and Country Friend and Physician. Philadelphia, 1803.
Organic remains of a former world. An examination of the mineralized remains of the vegetables and animals of the antediluvian world; generally termed extraneous fossils. London: Robson. 1804. The first volume containing the vegetable kingdom, 1804. Second Edition 1833. The second volume containing the fossil zoophytes, 1808. Second Edition 1833. The third volume containing the fossil starfish, echini, shells, insects, amphibia, mammals &c. 1811
Parkinson, James (1805). Observations on the nature and cure of gout; on nodes of the joints; and on the influence of certain articles of diet, in gout, rheumatism, and gravel. London: Symonds.
Dangerous sports. A tale addressed to children. London: Symonds. 1807.
An Essay on the Shaking Palsy. London: Sherwood Neely and Jones. 1817.
Outlines of oryctology. An introduction to the study of fossil organic remains; especially those found in the British strata: intended to aid the student in his inquiries respecting the nature of fossils, and their connection with the formation of the earth. London: Sherwood Neely and Jones. 1822. Second Edition, 1830