Exploring Linux: The Open Source Operating System
Need Of Operating System
When we turn on our computer/laptop we get a screen where we can do many things like editing documents,surfing internet,playing videos,downloading apps To do etc.We need an operating system to work on an electronic device.Many of us have used many common OS,such as Windows,Apple OS but we are going to talk about Linux here.
What is LINUX
LINUX is an open source operating system.On September 17, 1991 it was initially published by Linux Torvalds.It is a free and open source operating system.GNU Under the General Public License (GNU General Public License) the source code can be updated and distributed in commercial or non-commercial forms.
Linux was initially designed for personal computers and was eventually used on other computers,such as servers,mainframe computers,supercomputers etc.Linux is also used today in embedded systems such as routers digital video recorders in automation, video games.Android (Operating System) is the biggest success of Linux.Typically,Linux is bundled inside a Linux distribution.Developed from Unix,Linux provides users with a low-cost secure way to handle their data center resources.Linux can be difficult to understand due to its open source architecture.
First of all you have to understand what is an operating system or OS for a computer.OS is the programming code that controls the hardware.It exists as a layer between your software and your hardware.In short Linux is an OS But Linux has several features that set it apart from Microsoft and Apple OS and licensing options.
Operating System
All the software inside the machine is operated and controlled by an operating system.The OS is accessed through an API,command-line interface (CLI) or GUI to execute programs.
The OS decides which applications should run and when?How much memory does each application require? Discharges batch jobs to reduce the number of applications running in the background and tracks inputs and outputs to any attached hardware the OS is managed by each business through in-house developers of its software. Is.
GNU General Public License
GNU General Public License (GPL) is like a vendor software license through this we can use free software copy it as well as modify it. GPL ensures that open source software remains free and not closed source.
Under the GNU GPL users can copy Linux code and apply it on their systems, under certain conditions.Any copied code must retain a copyright notice,intact GPL notes, warranty disclaimer and a copy of the GPL.
Kernel
The basic core of the computer's OS is the Kernel.Its primary purpose is to act as a bridge between the OS and the hardware.The kernel provides computer control, networking, memory management and also supports the file system.
The kernel uses system drivers to function. These drivers contain code corresponding to the operating system.The three driver types are character device drivers,block device drivers and network device drivers.
The Linux kernel was introduced in 1992 and is divided into several subsystems.
Such as memory management,network stack, process control,system call interface,virtual file system,arch and device drivers.
In January 2020, the Linux kernel had 27.8 million (about 27.8 million) lines of code.Since the kernel is constantly maintained and updated by the open-source community it is an excellent server infrastructure option that requires real-time maintenance.It is also possible to port the Linux kernel to your OS.
Distribution
Elements of Linux OS are open source. Nevertheless different distributions are ideal for different deployment modules, infrastructures and use cases. Each distribution is a Linux OS version bundled with customizable management tools and installation programs.
Hundreds of distributions exist but the most popular are Fedora,Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Ubuntu,openSUSE,and Oracle Linux.
Let's say you can't invest the time or talent configuring the OS in-house or the advanced functionality in that case vendors can offer service-level agreements (SLAs) specialized add-ons and more for specific industries and use cases Provide consultation.In this model suppliers make money not just from the source code but also from additional services and tools.
Bootloader
The OS is loaded into the computer's memory by the bootloader also known as the boot manager.Once you power on your computer system the Basic I/O framework runs some necessary tests and then launches the master boot record to run the OS.If you are running a Mac or Windows OS the bootloader is automatically installed on the device.
With Linux,to run any distribution you must install a separate bootloader.There are two primary options available- GRUB and LOAD Linux (LOADLIN).LOADLIN is better if you have multiple OSes in the data center or don't want to spend much time using Linux.If you want more versatility in your operating system and the ability to change boot options from the command line you can use GRUB.
Linux commands are used to execute one or more tasks to run any program such as copying,pasting,searching etc.Command functions can be used efficiently and effectively in a command shell.It is like a link between core Linux and the user turning the user code to be executed by the hardware.
To find something in a file we can execute code and we can also write code to enforce more complex regulations.
Typically most of us use desktop operating systems with our machines and we rarely ask why the operating system needs to be modified.Some people are interested in learning a new operating system and rarely question what is Linux? Because they think they are fine with their current operating system.
If you are tired of paying for an operating system and you hate constant expensive maintenance on your current OS there is no cost to try Linux and many users will find linux to be the most stable operating system for desktop computers.
Due to the open-source collaborative nature of linux there is virtually no cost to try linux.No matter how many times you run the machines you can install the OS for free without paying anything for the license.On the other hand many Linux distributions are completely free and provide open source server applications so you can browse web pages without any license fees.
It is also easy to argue that Linux software makes the lives of system administrators easier because Linux is more stable.This means you don't have to keep a close eye on your server every day so you can rely on it without any problems.Also without affecting the entire Linux OS you can sometimes restart individual services due to the design of Linux.
Server reboots are a typical concern for sysadmins Because of their reliability Linux allows sysadmins to prevent reboots for very short periods of time until the kernel is modified.
Linux editions can be of many types.They may be intended for desktop use or created to be used as applications for servers.Some Linux distributions focus on expert users while other Linux distributions are simple enough for users.Most Linux versions can be downloaded for free and run for installation on an optical disc or USB drive.
There is an almost infinite range of distributions of Linux.Ubuntu is often the default choice for desktop Linux users.Yet Fedora,Arch,Linux Mint,Debian and openSUSE are also common choices.
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