Earth / Sun
EARTH
Earth, known as the third planet in the Solar System, was formed approximately 4.54 billion years ago. The Earth's surface area is 510.1 million square kilometers, and its diameter is about 12,742 kilometers. The complex system consists of components such as the atmosphere, water, and the Earth's crust.
The Earth's surface includes various natural features such as oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, mountains, valleys, and deserts. The highest mountain peak on Earth is Mount Everest, surpassing 8,848 meters. The deepest point is the Mariana Trench, reaching 10,994 meters.
The Earth's atmosphere serves as a protective layer for living organisms and contains gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and others. The atmosphere also absorbs and reflects sunlight, influencing the climate. The Earth's climate varies from tropical climates near the equator to polar climates as you move towards the poles.
There is a wide range of biological diversity on Earth. Forests, grasslands, desert ecosystems, and numerous species living in the oceans contribute to this diversity. Humans have developed different cultures and languages in various regions of the world. Societies have progressed in technology, science, art, and many other fields.
The geological structure of the Earth continuously changes through a process called plate tectonics. Plate tectonics, involving the movement and cracking of large plates on Earth, triggers events such as mountain formation, earthquakes, and volcanic activity.
Human activities have had significant effects on the natural environment. Since the Industrial Revolution, emissions of greenhouse gases, deforestation, water pollution, and other environmental issues have increased globally. This has led to global environmental problems such as climate change.
Earth is a complex planet that hosts many countries and cultures. International relations, economy, politics, and various other factors influence relationships worldwide. In the future, issues like sustainability and environmental protection may gain more importance globally.
SUN
The Sun is a large star located at the center of the Solar System, influencing planets, moons, asteroids, and other celestial bodies with its gravitational force. The Sun is primarily a plasma sphere composed mainly of light elements such as hydrogen and helium. Approximately 4.6 billion years old, the Sun generates energy through thermonuclear reactions, converting hydrogen into helium over this period.
The Sun is a massive star with a diameter of about 1.4 million kilometers. Its surface temperature is around 5,500 degrees Celsius. In the Sun's core, temperatures can reach millions of degrees Celsius, initiating thermonuclear fusion reactions. Hydrogen atoms transform into helium atoms, releasing a vast amount of energy.
The Sun radiates energy in the form of light and electromagnetic radiation, heating and illuminating the Solar System. Planets, satellites, and other celestial bodies revolving around the Sun are influenced by its gravitational pull, moving in their orbits. Earth, among other planets, orbits the Sun.
The Sun is the most massive object in the Solar System and serves as the dominant gravitational source holding other celestial bodies in place. The energy production in the Sun is in the main sequence stage, expected to continue for billions of years. However, in the long term, as hydrogen depletes, the Sun will undergo an evolutionary transition, entering the red giant phase and eventually transforming into a white dwarf.
