THE SIMILARITY OF BLACK HOLES AND SUBatomic Particle
The difficulty in understanding black holes stems from an unstable space-time fabric.
Space and time are not separate structures. In fact, they are different manifestations of a single structure.
Space-time fabric is a flexible tissue that can be bent and bent under the influence of masses moving on it. In this case, wherever the bending and twisting accelerates, you will move towards that direction.
After 85% of the structures of stars that are approximately 20 times larger than the Sun are dispersed in an explosion called supernova, only the core remains. This core has a very large mass, but since there is not enough energy left for the fusion reaction, the core begins to collapse on itself at a great speed. and an incredibly large mass fits into a tiny volume. The radius of the GRO JI655-40 black hole, which is 5.4 times larger than the sun in terms of mass, is only 16 km. This means that 5-6 suns fit into such a small area. This situation is described as a physically extraordinary phenomenon in the space-time cycle.
Normally there are 3 sizes. Up-down, right-left, forward-backward, but black holes bend the space-time around them so strongly that they all point towards the same place, that is, towards the center of the black hole. For this reason, no phenomenon around it can escape from the black hole.
As you approach the event horizon in the black hole, quite different light plays take place. When you reach a distance of one and a half times the radius of the black hole, the Photon sphere enters a region. This region is a region where photons constantly rotate around the black hole. When you look to one side in this region, you can see the back of your own head. Because photons are in that area. It is moving so fast that it can reflect back at you behind your head. After passing this stage, you reach the oly horizon.
The event horizon of a black hole is proportional to the size of the black hole. Example calculation: The event horizon size of a black hole 50 times larger than the sun is around 150 km. If the event horizon of the black hole is very small, it starts to pull on you as it gets closer. If your feet are closer, it starts to pull on your feet and stretch it like spaghetti, and you start to separate into atoms. This is called the tidal effect.
However, since the event horizon of large black holes will be large, you may have the chance to examine it without encountering such a fast and large gravitational force. However, someone who falls into a black hole cannot see anything. Because the event horizon is not a physical object. It is like a shadow. Once you cross the event horizon, no different situation occurs. If we assume that there is someone next to you, you can continue as if nothing had happened. However, someone watching you from outside the black hole will see you differently. When you approach the event horizon, it sees you frozen and that you never reach the event horizon. This is called time contraction. Because the person observing time from outside sees that time has stopped for you and in addition, your color shifts to red. Because the photons you send from the increasing gravitational point are outside. It would continue to crawl until it reached an observer, and when you finally froze, you would slowly begin to fade away, because parallel to the increasing gravitational effect, you would go beyond the limits of detection after the creep effect. For this reason, an outside observer would never be able to see that you had fallen into the black hole. This is called the theory of relativity.
The most basic fact of the theory of relativity is that the person who jumps into the black hole really falls into the black hole, but to the observer watching from outside, you appear frozen before falling into the black hole. The two events are the same and are real. This situation is related to speed and environment.
Once you cross the event horizon, you have no chance of coming back. Even if you reach the speed of light, you cannot escape this state of singularity. Now the space-time texture only points to the singularity for you. The more you move, the shorter your lifespan. Now all directions are directed only towards the singularity believed to be at the center of the black hole. It is a prediction about the theory of relativity.
Meanwhile, the first black hole picture was obtained in 2020. When Albert Einstein put forward his theory of relativity, there was no black hole discovery yet. Therefore, the magnitude and predictive value of this theory is at the top of science, along with the theory of gravity. The reason why Einstein's relativity equations predict an infinite singularity at the center of black holes is because mathematical calculations become invalid. It is a situation like Newton's equations becoming invalid on the planet Merkur. For this reason, quantum mechanics needs to come into play. However, the process of matching relativity and quantum mechanics has not been done yet.
For this reason, it is not known exactly what will happen at the center of black holes. The singularity phenomenon is only the final point that the theory has reached.
According to a hypothesis, it is thought that all the matter swallowed by black holes is reconnected to the space-time fabric and vomited out through a white hole. However, there is no observational evidence on this subject.
All black holes can be defined with 3 simple properties: mass - spin (angular momentum) and electric charge. Since black holes are always uncharged, all existing black holes can be defined by the amount of mass and spin. However, there is a possibility that more than one black hole may have exactly the same mass and spin amount, and there is no measurement that can distinguish these black holes from each other. They are subatomic particles that we know become indistinguishable when they have the same value in the universe. In this respect, they have an interesting similarity with black holes.
The objects with the largest mass in the universe and the objects with the smallest mass may have common properties.