Understanding the Evolution of Artificial Intelligence: A Historical Overview

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25 Mar 2024

Nowadays we are hearing about AI – Artificial Intelligence everywhere. The name of AI is being heard in every news and every conversation. It is being used a lot, because of it our work is becoming easier. According to the World Economic Forum, “AI will replace 85 billion jobs by 2025”, which means that many entrepreneurs or CEO's will fire all their workers and use Artificial Intelligence in their place.

Because of this, such a big change is coming and is going to come, so at least we should know, what is artificial intelligence? What is artificial intelligence? There is an intelligence computer program which we train to think like humans, it is called artificial intelligence. By giving him the data of available information, we increase his ability to know things and his intelligence, due to which he starts thinking like a human being.

To whom we tell what mistakes not to be made and what will be done to get the right result. Which we call positive and negative in computer language. Because of which we call it artificial intelligence. Because this intelligence is that intelligence which can know about right and wrong. Can act like human behavior.

In simple words, ‘artificial’ means that which is made by humans and ‘intelligence’ means intelligence that can think, learn, and take decisions. Man-made intelligence that can think and take decisions on its own is called Artificial Intelligence. We can also call artificial intelligence as Machine Intelligence.

“Artificial Intelligence: Machines That Think, Learn, and Adapt.”

History of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

We learned about what Artificial Intelligence is, so now we will know about the history of AI, how it was created, where its journey started and how it reached till today. When we know the history of something, we understand its depth and its importance and value. So let us know the history of artificial intelligence in minimum words.

-> 1943

Artificial intelligence was first mentioned by Warren McCulloch and Walter Pitts in 1943. He told about artificial neurons.

-> 1950

Alan Turing, an English mathematician, published a paper in which he described the possibility of creating a machine that could think.

-> 1955

Allen Newell and Herbert A. Simon together created the first artificial program which we call “logic theorist”.

-> 1956

The term “Artificial intelligence” was first adopted by American computer scientist John McCarthy at the Dartmouth Conference.

-> 1959

The first AI laboratory named MIT AI Lab was established and research on AI began.

-> 1961

The first AI Chatbot created was named ELIZA.

-> 1972

The first intelligent humanoid robot was created in Japan, whose name was WABOT-1.

-> 1997

IBM Deep Blue, which is an AI, had defeated the world's best chess champion Garry Kasparov in the game.

-> 2006

Artificial intelligence arrived in the business world. Like big companies like Facebook, Twitter, and Netflix started using AI.

-> 2012

Google had created an app called “Google Now” which provided information in the form of a prediction.

-> Now

Now we are trying to make everything better by using AI.

-> Future

AI will become a part of our lives and make everything easier.

Types of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

We divide the types of Artificial Intelligence in two ways. First according to the abilities of AI and second according to the functions of AI so that we can understand AI better.

Weak AI or Narrow AI :-

Weak AI is also called Narrow AI. This type of AI has very little ability to perform any tasks. Meaning this type of AI can perform only a certain task. While doing one task at a time, they are unable to do another task. This AI is capable and limited to work in only one area. They fail to do any work beyond their limits.

Considering its weakness, it is called narrow AI or weak AI. That is why it is trained only for a specific task.

Examples: Apple Siris, Google Translator, self-driving car

General AI :-

General AI: This is the second type of AI which is adept in completing any intellectual task in a very efficient manner. Like a human being completes any task by thinking well and using the information available to him. Similarly, while doing any task, this AI can use all the available information to think about that task, understand it and complete it by taking a right decision.

Example: Right now there is no such AI but many researchers are working on it.

Super AI :-

The third type of AI which is very advanced is called Super AI. This type of super AI is so fast that it can work beyond the capabilities of humans, that is why it is also called Strong AI. This AI can do much better and better work than humans, which may take much more effort and time for humans to do and it is possible that humans may still fail to do that work better. This super AI is also not available yet but this type of AI will have to be created only after creating general AI.

This strong AI can think on its own, can understand anything and can explain things to anyone by giving the exact reason. You can tell your point of view. You can learn these new things by yourself, you can also make a plan and implement it.

At present, we have been able to create only narrow AI which can do only one task (doing only one type of work). But now we are moving towards general AI and are working on it which can work like a human. When this is done, we will move towards super AI which can think beyond human thinking.